USC Researchers Uncover Protein’s Hidden Role in DNA Repair

USC Researchers Uncover Protein’s Hidden Role in DNA Repair

A team of researchers at the University of Southern California’s Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences has made a groundbreaking discovery about the protein Nup98. For years, scientists have known that Nup98 ferries molecules through the nucleus, but it turns out that it also forms droplet-like “condensates” that protect damaged DNA in densely packed regions called heterochromatin.

Key Findings

  • Function of Nup98:

    • Nup98 forms condensates that prevent genetic errors by safely escorting damaged DNA segments to repair zones.
    • These droplets act as temporary shields around damaged DNA, ensuring that genetic rearrangements do not occur during repairs.
  • Importance of DNA Repair:

    • Genetic rearrangements can lead to cancer or accelerate aging.
    • Understanding Nup98’s role in DNA repair could provide insights into the mechanisms behind acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a type of blood cancer.
  • Connection to AML:

    • Mutations in Nup98 are associated with AML, where stem cells fail to mature properly due to faulty gene expression.
    • Insights into how Nup98 guides DNA repairs may reveal new therapeutic strategies against AML.

Implications for Future Research

By studying how Nup98 forms droplets around damaged DNA, scientists may uncover new ways to treat AML and other diseases linked to faulty gene expression. This research highlights the critical role of Nup98 in maintaining genetic integrity and opens avenues for further exploration in cancer treatment.

The study was published online ahead of print on March 8 in Nature Communications.

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